Exploring Iceland: A Comprehensive Guide

Introduction
Origin of Iceland
Top 10 Tourist Attractions
Top 10 Icelandic Foods
Job Opportunities in Iceland
Top 10 Living Accommodations
Living Standards in Iceland
Top 10 Tips for Visiting Iceland
Useful Web Links
Conclusion

1. Introduction

Iceland, a Nordic island nation located in the North Atlantic, is renowned for its stunning natural landscapes, geothermal wonders, and vibrant culture. With its dramatic volcanic terrain, glaciers, and hot springs, Iceland offers a unique blend of natural beauty and modern amenities. The country’s rich history, diverse culinary scene, and high standard of living make it a fascinating destination for tourists and expatriates alike. This guide explores the origins of Iceland, highlights top tourist attractions, delves into Icelandic cuisine, provides insights into the job market, and offers practical tips for visitors.

2. Origin of Iceland

Early Settlements

Iceland was first settled by Norse Vikings from Scandinavia during the 9th and 10th centuries. The island’s early settlers established a unique society, which was heavily influenced by Norse traditions and customs. The country’s name, which translates to “Ice Land,” reflects its icy climate and rugged terrain. The sagas of Icelanders, ancient texts detailing the island’s early history, provide valuable insights into this period of settlement and exploration.

Website: Icelandic Saga Foundation

Formation of the Icelandic Republic

In 930 CE, Iceland established the Althing, one of the world’s oldest parliaments, which played a central role in shaping the island’s governance. Over the centuries, Iceland came under Danish rule, but it gained independence in 1944, becoming a sovereign republic. Today, Iceland is known for its democratic values, environmental consciousness, and robust social systems.

Website: Icelandic Government History

Modern Iceland

Modern Iceland is characterized by its commitment to sustainability, innovation, and social equality. The country has embraced geothermal energy, resulting in significant advancements in renewable energy. It also boasts a high standard of living, a thriving cultural scene, and an economy driven by tourism, fisheries, and technology.

Website: Modern Iceland Overview

3. Top 10 Tourist Attractions

1. The Blue Lagoon

The Blue Lagoon is one of Iceland’s most famous natural wonders, located near Reykjavik. This geothermal spa is renowned for its milky-blue waters, rich in minerals such as silica and sulfur. Visitors can enjoy soothing baths, luxurious spa treatments, and stunning views of the surrounding lava fields.

Website: Blue Lagoon Iceland

2. Gullfoss Waterfall

Gullfoss, or the “Golden Falls,” is a majestic waterfall located in the Hvítá river canyon. It is part of the Golden Circle, a popular tourist route that includes other natural wonders such as Geysir and Thingvellir National Park. Gullfoss is known for its powerful cascades and picturesque setting.

Website: Gullfoss Waterfall

3. Thingvellir National Park

Thingvellir National Park is a UNESCO World Heritage Site located in a rift valley between the Eurasian and North American tectonic plates. The park is significant for its geological formations, historical importance as the site of Iceland’s first parliament, and stunning natural landscapes.

Website: Thingvellir National Park

4. Reykjavik City

Reykjavik, the capital of Iceland, offers a vibrant cultural scene, with numerous museums, galleries, and historic sites. Visitors can explore landmarks such as Hallgrímskirkja church, Harpa Concert Hall, and the Sun Voyager sculpture. The city also boasts a lively nightlife and diverse dining options.

Website: Visit Reykjavik

5. Jokulsarlon Glacier Lagoon

Jokulsarlon Glacier Lagoon is a stunning glacial lake located in southeastern Iceland. It features floating icebergs and is home to a diverse range of wildlife, including seals. Visitors can take boat tours to get up close to the icebergs and enjoy breathtaking views.

Website: Jokulsarlon Glacier Lagoon

6. Vatnajökull National Park

Vatnajökull National Park is Iceland’s largest national park, encompassing the Vatnajökull glacier, one of Europe’s largest ice caps. The park offers numerous hiking trails, glacier tours, and opportunities to explore ice caves and volcanic landscapes.

Website: Vatnajökull National Park

7. Seljalandsfoss Waterfall

Seljalandsfoss is a picturesque waterfall located along the South Coast of Iceland. It is unique because visitors can walk behind the falls, providing a different perspective and photo opportunity. The surrounding area also features other waterfalls and scenic landscapes.

Website: Seljalandsfoss Waterfall

8. Kerid Crater

Kerid Crater is a volcanic crater lake located in the Grímsnes area. It is known for its striking red volcanic rock and blue lake, making it a popular spot for photography. The crater’s unique colors and geological features offer a distinctive experience.

Website: Kerid Crater

9. Akureyri

Akureyri, often referred to as Iceland’s “Capital of the North,” is a charming town located near the Arctic Circle. It offers a range of attractions, including botanical gardens, museums, and opportunities for whale watching and exploring nearby natural wonders.

Website: Visit Akureyri

10. Snaefellsnes Peninsula

The Snaefellsnes Peninsula, often called “Iceland in Miniature,” features diverse landscapes, including lava fields, volcanic craters, and picturesque coastal scenery. Highlights include the Snaefellsjokull glacier, Kirkjufell mountain, and charming fishing villages.

Website: Snaefellsnes Peninsula

4. Top 10 Icelandic Foods

1. Hákarl (Fermented Shark)

Hákarl is a traditional Icelandic dish made from fermented shark meat. It is known for its strong flavor and unique preparation process, which involves curing the shark meat underground for several months.

Website: Hákarl Recipe

2. Pylsur (Icelandic Hot Dog)

Pylsur, or Icelandic hot dog, is a popular street food made from a blend of pork, beef, and lamb. It is typically served in a bun with various condiments, including mustard, ketchup, and remoulade.

Website: Pylsur Recipe

3. Plokkfiskur (Fish Stew)

Plokkfiskur is a hearty fish stew made from cod or haddock, potatoes, and onions, all cooked in a creamy white sauce. It is a traditional comfort food enjoyed by Icelanders.

Website: Plokkfiskur Recipe

4. Skyr

Skyr is an Icelandic dairy product similar to yogurt but thicker and higher in protein. It is often served with fruit, honey, or as a base for desserts and smoothies.

Website: Skyr Information

5. Kjötsúpa (Lamb Soup)

Kjötsúpa is a traditional Icelandic lamb soup made with tender lamb meat, vegetables, and herbs. It is a hearty and nutritious dish, perfect for Iceland’s cold climate.

Website: Kjötsúpa Recipe

6. Rúgbrauð (Rye Bread)

Rúgbrauð is a dense, dark rye bread traditionally baked in a pot or underground using geothermal heat. It has a slightly sweet taste and is often served with butter, fish, or meat.

Website: Rúgbrauð Recipe

7. Brennivín (Black Death)

Brennivín is an Icelandic schnapps made from fermented grain or potato mash and flavored with caraway seeds. It is often consumed as a traditional drink alongside hákar.

Website: Brennivín Information

8. Harðfiskur (Dried Fish)

Harðfiskur is dried fish, typically cod, that is air-dried and then enjoyed as a snack. It is a traditional Icelandic food with a strong flavor and chewy texture.

Website: Harðfiskur Information

9. Lifrarpylsa (Liver Sausage)

Lifrarpylsa is an Icelandic liver sausage made from lamb liver, pork, and spices. It is often served with rye bread and enjoyed during special occasions.

Website: Lifrarpylsa Recipe

10. Jöklamauk (Glacier Mousse)

Jöklamauk is a dessert made from Icelandic ingredients, including skyr and berries. It is a refreshing and creamy treat, often served chilled.

Website: Jöklamauk Recipe

5. Job Opportunities in Iceland

Job Market Overview

Iceland has a relatively small job market but offers opportunities in various sectors, including tourism, fishing, technology, and renewable energy. The country is known for its low unemployment rate and high level of job satisfaction. English is widely spoken, making it easier for expatriates to find work, particularly in tourism and hospitality.

Website: Icelandic Job Market

Job Agencies

Work in Denmark: A comprehensive resource for job seekers in Denmark and Iceland. It provides job listings, career advice, and information on working in Iceland.
- Work in Denmark
Job.is: A popular job portal in Iceland that lists vacancies across various industries and provides resources for job seekers.
- Job.is
EURES Iceland: Part of the European Employment Services network, EURES Iceland helps job seekers find employment opportunities across Europe, including Iceland.
- EURES Iceland

6. Top 10 Living Accommodations

1. Reykjavik Apartments

Reykjavik offers a range of accommodation options, from modern apartments to cozy studios. The city center is ideal for those who want to be close to amenities and attractions.

Website: Reykjavik Apartments

2. Kex Hostel

Kex Hostel in Reykjavik is a popular choice for budget travelers. It offers a unique atmosphere with stylish decor, a bar, and communal areas.

Website: Kex Hostel

3. Hotel Borg

Hotel Borg is a luxury hotel in Reykjavik known for its elegant Art Deco design and central location. It offers upscale accommodations and amenities.

Website: Hotel Borg

4. CenterHotel Thingholt

CenterHotel Thingholt is a modern hotel in Reykjavik with a contemporary design and convenient location. It provides comfortable rooms and a range of services.

Website: CenterHotel Thingholt

5. Fosshotel Glacier Lagoon

Located near Jokulsarlon Glacier Lagoon, Fosshotel Glacier Lagoon offers stunning views and comfortable accommodations, making it ideal for exploring the southern coast.

Website: Fosshotel Glacier Lagoon

6. Hótel Búðir

Hótel Búðir is a charming hotel located on the Snæfellsnes Peninsula, known for its picturesque setting and cozy atmosphere. It is a great base for exploring the peninsula.

Website: Hótel Búðir

7. Reykjavik Residence Suites

Reykjavik Residence Suites offers fully furnished apartments with a home-like feel. It is a popular choice for long-term stays and those seeking more independence.

Website: Reykjavik Residence Suites

8. Hotel Ranga

Hotel Ranga is a luxury hotel located in the countryside, known for its stunning views of the Northern Lights and access to outdoor activities.

Website: Hotel Ranga

9. Hotel Holt

Hotel Holt is a boutique hotel in Reykjavik known for its classic style and excellent service. It offers comfortable rooms and is centrally located.

Website: Hotel Holt

10. Hótel Kría

Hótel Kría is located in Vik and offers modern accommodations with easy access to the nearby Reynisfjara Black Sand Beach and other attractions.

Website: Hótel Kría

7. Living Standards in Iceland

Quality of Life

Iceland is renowned for its high quality of life, with a strong emphasis on social welfare, education, and healthcare. The country ranks highly in global quality of life indices, thanks to its well-developed social services, low crime rate, and emphasis on environmental sustainability.

Website: Quality of Life in Iceland

Cost of Living

The cost of living in Iceland is relatively high compared to many other countries. Expenses such as housing, groceries, and dining out can be significant. However, the high wages and robust social support systems help offset these costs for residents.

Website: Cost of Living in Iceland

Healthcare

Iceland has a universal healthcare system funded through taxation. The healthcare services are high-quality, with access to advanced medical facilities and professionals. Residents benefit from comprehensive coverage and a high standard of medical care.

Website: Icelandic Healthcare

Education

Iceland offers a free and high-quality education system. Primary and secondary education are compulsory, and there are several universities and higher education institutions that provide a wide range of programs.

Website: Education in Iceland

8. Top 10 Tips for Visiting Iceland

1. Dress in Layers

Iceland’s weather can be unpredictable, with rapid changes in temperature and conditions. Dress in layers to stay comfortable and adapt to varying weather.

Website: Packing Tips for Iceland

2. Rent a 4×4 Vehicle

If you plan to explore outside Reykjavik, a 4×4 vehicle is recommended, especially during winter or when traveling to remote areas.

Website: Car Rentals in Iceland

3. Respect Nature

Iceland’s landscapes are fragile and must be respected. Stick to marked trails, avoid stepping on delicate vegetation, and follow local guidelines to preserve the environment.

Website: Responsible Travel in Iceland

4. Book Tours in Advance

Popular tours and activities, such as glacier hikes and Northern Lights excursions, can book up quickly. Plan and book your tours in advance to secure your spot.

Website: Book Iceland Tours

5. Use Hot Springs Respectfully

When visiting hot springs and geothermal pools, follow the local etiquette, including washing thoroughly before entering and respecting other visitors’ space.

Website: Geothermal Pools in Iceland

6. Carry Cash

While credit cards are widely accepted, it’s a good idea to carry some cash for small purchases or places that may not accept cards.

Website: Currency and Payments in Iceland

7. Explore Reykjavik’s Culture

Take time to explore Reykjavik’s cultural attractions, including museums, galleries, and historic sites. The city offers a rich cultural experience beyond its natural wonders.

Website: Reykjavik Culture

8. Prepare for Limited Daylight

Depending on the season, daylight hours can be limited. Plan your activities accordingly and make the most of the daylight during your visit.

Website: Daylight Hours in Iceland

9. Try Icelandic Delicacies

Sample traditional Icelandic foods to experience the local cuisine. From fermented shark to skyr, exploring Iceland’s culinary offerings is part of the adventure.

Website: Icelandic Food Guide

10. Embrace the Outdoors

Iceland’s natural beauty is best experienced outdoors. Whether hiking, exploring glaciers, or taking a road trip, make the most of the country’s stunning landscapes.

Website: Outdoor Activities in Iceland

9. Useful Web Links

10. Conclusion

Iceland is a country of extraordinary natural beauty, rich history, and vibrant culture. From its dramatic landscapes and geothermal wonders to its unique cuisine and high living standards, Iceland offers a compelling destination for travelers and expatriates alike. By understanding the origin of Iceland, exploring its top attractions, and preparing for your visit with the provided tips, you can make the most of your time in this remarkable island nation. Whether you’re looking to experience the Northern Lights, enjoy traditional Icelandic dishes, or find a new place to live and work, Iceland has something to offer everyone.